§14a EnWG – A complex challenge for photovoltaic systems

With the introduction of Section 14a of the German Energy Industry Act (EnWG ) in 2024, the regulatory requirements for the grid connection of photovoltaic (PV) systems have changed significantly. This regulation enables grid operators to dynamically control controllable consumption devices such as PV systems or electric vehicle charging stations to avoid grid congestion. While this initially promises attractive reductions in grid fees, the technical requirements and legal framework are so demanding that a standalone installation is hardly feasible.

What does Section 14a EnWG regulate?

Section 14a of the Energy Industry Act (EnWG) allows grid operators to influence controllable consumption devices such as PV systems during peak loads. This particularly applies to systems with a capacity of more than 4.2 kW , which must be monitored by intelligent metering systems . This includes the option of dynamically controlling the system's feed-in power to ensure grid stability.

Technical requirements and challenges

The implementation of the requirements of Section 14a EnWG is associated with considerable technical challenges:

• Meter location requirements: For new systems, a special meter location according to VDE-AR-N 4100 is required, including the installation of a relay and a data cable to ensure the system can be controlled by the network operator.

• Dynamic grid control : PV systems must be integrated into the grid management system so that the system can regulate its feed-in power based on grid load. This is done via an interface that enables direct communication with the grid operator.

• Documentation requirements : Operators of PV systems must inform the grid operator of any changes to their system. Proper documentation is essential to avoid potential legal and technical consequences.

Why a standalone installation is problematic

The technical and regulatory requirements of Section 14a of the German Energy Industry Act (EnWG) make stand-alone installations extremely risky. Integration into dynamic grid management and the implementation of control systems require specialized expertise. Faulty installations can lead to safety issues and result in the grid operator rejecting the connection.

Without the help of certified specialist companies, it is almost impossible to correctly implement the complex requirements for controllability, meter location and grid security.

FAQ – Frequently asked questions about Section 14a EnWG

1. What exactly does Section 14a EnWG regulate?
It allows grid operators to throttle controllable consumption devices such as PV systems in the event of grid overload in order to ensure grid stability.

2. What technical requirements must be met?
A smart metering system must be installed that allows the PV system to be controlled by the grid operator. This requires special metering stations and control devices.

3. Can I install my PV system myself?
Due to the complex technical and regulatory requirements, self-installation is not advisable. Specialist companies have the necessary expertise and certifications.

4. What happens if the standards of Section 14a EnWG are not complied with?
Failure to comply may result in the grid operator refusing to connect the system or may result in sanctions and grid problems.

5. What documentation requirements exist?
Plant operators are obliged to comprehensively document changes to the plant and report them to the grid operator in order to ensure grid connection.